Relationship between autism and food selectivity
How many times have we as parents not shown concern for our children's eating habits ? And not precisely because they refuse to eat fruit or vegetables, but because the range of foods they prefer to eat can be counted on the fingers of one hand - and there are fingers left over!
When we are concerned, we often receive responses such as "just leave him without food and he will eat when he is hungry," "he has to eat what is on the table or nothing," or "young children are picky," but what happens when this challenge transcends a typical stage of child development and becomes a problem?
This phenomenon is called food selectivity , a fairly common condition in autism , which manifests itself from an early age, and which refers to restricted eating habits that include the constant rejection of certain foods , impacting both the nutritional status of those who suffer from it and the family dynamics.
The causes of food selectivity combine several factors such as sensory aspects that include color, texture, temperature, smell, etc., motor skills, alteration of the intestinal microbiota and cognitive factors such as mental rigidity.
People with autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ) who suffer from restriction also tend to experience fixation on certain types of foods that do not cause sensory aversion and, due to their cognitive rigidity, make them feel more comfortable consuming the same things.
But it is important to note that these foods must always be cooked and presented in the same way, in the worst case even from the same brand, otherwise the opposite effect occurs even if the change has been minimal.
For example, a person with ASD may like rice and beans, but if presented with a mixed dish, they may not even touch it.
Therefore, a restrictive diet lacking in vitamins, minerals and other nutrients necessary for proper growth can negatively affect a child's overall health, including concentration, memory and other important learning skills.
Addressing food selectivity requires a combination of different strategies and adaptations that respect the child's needs, as well as promoting a relaxed atmosphere in the family environment and a healthy relationship with food.
- It may take up to 20 attempts for a child to try a new food. Gradual exposure and repetition are the key to success.
- Do not force them to eat, as this can cause more rejection and anxiety.
- Reward any attempt to try a new food.
- Offer variety even if it is a very small amount.
- Let them participate in choosing and preparing food , making the kitchen a fun and sensory exploration place.
- Consult with a behavioral therapist who can work on sensory integration and oral motor difficulties.
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